烟花与礼花简介
烟火也称“焰火”“烟花” 。烟火,是以火药为基础发展起来的。起初,是专供贵族豪富争雄斗奢的消遣品,到了明、清,烟火制作技 术有了新的发展,逐渐成为节日的礼品。每逢春节、元宵节以及其它 重大活动,都要施放烟火助兴。
我国的烟火名目繁多,花色品种颇杂。但,菊花型是人们最为喜爱的花型。烟火射入高空后,先是五彩续纷的光剂燃烧,继而是一个 个随开随落的降落伞,烟火重叠,夜空锦绣团团,构成各种美丽的图 案,成为正月十五元宵节里人们观赏的目标。这种转瞬即逝的大型烟火,造价是很高的。一般县城、乡镇放的烟火,既是隆重的,又是节 制的,以达到观赏目的,把节日气氛推向高潮为目标。“火树银花不夜天”就是这种景观的真实写照。
礼花源于焰火,焰火源于火药,我国是火药的故乡,火药是我国古代文明之佐证。早在一千三百多年前,著名医学家孙思邈,就在" 丹经"中,详细记载了当时的火药的成分和性质。十四世纪才由印度、阿拉伯辗转传至欧洲,至此,西方人始知有火药之物。隋唐之际,火 药发展成为供娱乐用的焰火。焰火,也叫烟火、烟花。隋炀帝有诗云: "灯树千光照,花焰七枝开"。宋朝的"架子烟火"或"盆景烟花",已具相当规模。每逢元宵佳节,达官巨贾竞相比美。从掌灯后不久直至更 残漏尽。词人辛弃疾曾有“东风夜放花千树,更吹落,星如雨”的词句,便是对它生动而形象的描写。
礼花,或称礼花炮,从前叫它西洋烟火。它是在清朝时由西欧返入。它的发展与化学工业、冶金工业密切相关。随着科学技术的发展,烟火、礼花已形成一门学科。它不再仅仅为节日助兴,而且,广泛用于国防和国民经济之中,如:照明弹、曳光弹、烟幕弹、燃烧弹、教练一模仿弹,目标指示弹等等,不胜枚举。它们除了军事用途之外,各种信号制品使用在铁路运输、空运、海运和内河运输上。各类烟幕剂还用来防止局部地区冰冻,研究大气中和各种装置中的气流,以及用来和害虫作斗争。此外,白色、黑色以及其它有色烟剂还广泛地使用在摄制影片上。
礼花的强光来自那些化学性活泼的金属如铝、钛、镁、锆等粉末。这些金属粉末在空中与氧化合,剧烈燃烧,温度可高达三千余度,因而放出耀眼强光。这些金属粉末被称为发光剂。至于那五彩缤纷,则全仗发色剂之功。所谓发色剂,其实就是一些普普通通的金属盐类。原来,金属盐类可以在高温下分解,而不同的金属蒸气有着不同的光谱——发射出自己固有的彩色光芒。例如,钠蒸气产生黄色光谱,于是便用草酸钠,氟化钠、冰晶石或硅氟酸钠等作为黄光发色剂;锶蒸气产生红色光谱,于是用硝酸锶、碳酸锶、草酸锶等可作为红光发色剂。其它如:绿光用氯酸钡、硝酸钡;蓝光用碳酸铜、孔雀石;金光用金粉,白光用铝粉等等。有了这些基本色,自然不难配出各种色彩来。

http://www.sxyxqk.com/plus/view.php?aid=57635
http://www.annv.net/plus/view.php?aid=5038
http://www.ncsqdj.gov.cn/plus/view.php?aid=79307
http://www.sxyxqk.com/plus/view.php?aid=57636
http://www.annv.net/plus/view.php?aid=5039
http://www.xg9961.com/plus/view.php?aid=27446
http://www.sxyxqk.com/plus/view.php?aid=57637
http://www.sxyxqk.com/plus/view.php?aid=57638
http://www.annv.net/plus/view.php?aid=5040

http://wen.28.com/article/47495
http://wen.28.com/article/47496
http://wen.28.com/article/47497
http://wen.28.com/article/47498
http://wen.28.com/article/47499
http://wen.28.com/article/47500
http://wen.28.com/article/47501
http://wen.28.com/article/47502
http://wen.28.com/article/47503

http://bbs.tga.plu.cn/thread-3556363-1-1.html
http://bbs.pcauto.com.cn/topic-12327112.html
http://bbs.tga.plu.cn/thread-3556273-1-1.html
http://bbs.tga.plu.cn/thread-3556274-1-1.html
http://bbs.tga.plu.cn/thread-3556367-1-1.html
http://bbs.pcauto.com.cn/topic-12327112.html
http://www.pinterest.com/o2a0m8q8cg2swei/
http://bbs.tga.plu.cn/thread-3556368-1-1.html
http://bbs.tga.plu.cn/thread-3556370-1-1.html

http://search.zbj.com/t/?kw=hi%E5%90%88%E4%B9%90%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E7%89%88%E4%B8%8B%E3%80%90Q-952499%7C%E6%80%BB%E4%BB%A3%E3%80%91ycgk
http://search.zbj.com/t/?kw=%E5%90%88%E4%B9%90%E5%88%86%E5%88%86%E5%BD%A9%E7%A8%B3%E8%B5%9A%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7%E3%80%90Q-952499%7C%E6%80%BB%E4%BB%A3%E3%80%91txc
http://search.zbj.com/t/?kw=%E5%90%88%E4%B9%90%E5%88%86%E5%88%86%E5%BD%A9%E5%90%8E%E4%B8%89%E3%80%90Q-952499%7C%E6%80%BB%E4%BB%A3%E3%80%91imq
http://search.zbj.com/t/?kw=%E5%90%88%E4%B9%90%E5%88%86%E5%88%86%E5%BD%A9%E6%98%AF%E5%90%A6%E4%BD%9C%E5%BC%8A%E3%80%90Q-952499%7C%E6%80%BB%E4%BB%A3%E3%80%91ycgko
http://search.zbj.com/t/?kw=%E5%90%88%E4%B9%90%E5%AE%89%E5%8D%93%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E7%89%88%E3%80%90Q-952499%7C%E6%80%BB%E4%BB%A3%E3%80%91rpeim
http://search.zbj.com/t/?kw=%E5%90%88%E4%B9%90%E5%BD%A9%E7%A5%A8%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E7%89%88%E4%B8%8B%E8%BD%BD%E3%80%90Q-952499%7C%E6%80%BB%E4%BB%A3%E3%80%91suyuy
http://search.zbj.com/t/?kw=%E5%90%88%E4%B9%90%E8%BF%94%E4%BD%A3%E7%BD%91%E6%98%AF%E5%81%9A%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E7%9A%84%E3%80%90Q-952499%7C%E6%80%BB%E4%BB%A3%E3%80%91gkos
http://search.zbj.com/t/?kw=%E5%90%88%E4%B9%90%E8%BF%94%E4%BD%A3%E7%BD%91%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E5%90%97%E3%80%90Q-952499%7C%E6%80%BB%E4%BB%A3%E3%80%91aei
http://search.zbj.com/t/?kw=%E5%90%88%E4%B9%90%E8%BF%94%E4%BD%A3%E7%BD%91%E9%AA%97%E5%B1%80%E3%80%90Q-952499%7C%E6%80%BB%E4%BB%A3%E3%80%91kjyc

http://www.anqiu123.com/store-1787/document-id-492011.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/u/3012/archives/2011/118886.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/66030/archives/2012/124956.html
http://www.anqiu123.com/store-1787/document-id-492013.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/85686/archives/2010/105220.html
http://www.anqiu123.com/store-1787/document-id-492015.html
http://bbs.pcauto.com.cn/topic-12324220.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/85686/archives/2011/109486.html
http://bbs.tga.plu.cn/thread-3552840-1-1.html

http://www.anqiu123.com/store-1787/document-id-369571.html
http://bbs.pcauto.com.cn/topic-12304047.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/85686/archives/2011/107585.html
http://www.anqiu123.com/store-1787/document-id-369572.html
http://www.pinterest.com/q48cg2s02mqyc/
http://www.anqiu123.com/store-1787/document-id-369573.html
http://www.anqiu123.com/store-1787/document-id-369574.html
http://www.anqiu123.com/store-1787/document-id-369575.html
http://www.anqiu123.com/store-1787/document-id-369576.html

http://www.iciba.com/pk10%E8%B5%9B%E8%BD%A6%E9%A2%84%E6%B5%8B%E7%BE%A4-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E8%B5%9B%E8%BD%A6pk10%E5%8D%95%E5%8F%8C%E9%A2%84%E6%B5%8B-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E8%B5%9B%E8%BD%A6pk10%E5%88%B9%E7%A0%81%E5%99%A8-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E8%B5%9B%E8%BD%A6pk10%E4%B8%93%E5%AE%B6-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E8%B5%9B%E8%BD%A6pk10%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E5%B7%A5-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%ACpk10%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%9A%E4%BD%8D-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%ACpk10%E9%BE%99%E8%99%8E%E5%88%86%E5%88%AB-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%ACpk10%E9%BE%99%E8%99%8E%E6%80%8E%E4%B9%88%E7%8E%A9-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%ACpk10%E7%9A%84%E9%BE%99%E8%99%8E%E8%B5%B0%E5%8A%BF-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91

http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E8%B4%AD%E5%BD%A9%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%2B952499%28Q%29xacgk
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E8%B4%AD%E5%BD%A9%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E7%BD%91%E5%9D%80%E6%98%AF%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%2B952499%28Q%29txcea
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E8%B4%AD%E5%BD%A9%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%8E%E4%B9%88%E6%A0%B7%2B952499%28Q%29imq
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E8%B4%AD%E5%BD%A9%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95%2B952499%28Q%29uqhn
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E8%B4%AD%E5%BD%A9%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E7%94%B5%E8%84%91%E4%B8%8B%E8%BD%BD%2B952499%28Q%29svya
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E8%B4%AD%E5%BD%A9%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E8%81%9A%E9%91%AB%E6%BA%90%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%2B952499%28Q%29imqu
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E8%B4%AD%E5%BD%A9%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E9%9D%A0%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%2B952499%28Q%29wumor
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E8%B4%AD%E5%BD%A9%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E4%B8%8B%E8%BD%BD%2B952499%28Q%29yae
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E8%B4%AD%E5%BD%A9%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E5%A5%96%E9%87%91%2B952499%28Q%29mrw




易安博客 版权所有